Disaster Management Holiday Homework Class 9: A Poster on the Do's and Don'ts of Different Disasters

Nature is a great gift to humanity. The beauty of nature cannot be explained in words. Due to the increasing human threats, the balance and beauty of nature are declining, resulting in various disasters like earthquakes, droughts, volcanos, etc. To save nature from destruction, the concept of disaster management has been introduced to people. Learn how to write a paragraph on disaster management by reading through the sample paragraphs given in the article.

disaster management holiday homework class 9

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Disaster management is the organisation and use of resources to respond to such emergencies needed during the time of disasters to save lives. India is prone to various types of disasters due to its geographical conditions. Some of the major natural disasters in India are cyclones, floods, droughts, landslides, earthquakes, storms, etc. Each year, some part of the country faces a disaster, and the government takes necessary actions for the same. These disasters cause economic crises and loss of human lives. They also cause damage to a number of public and private properties resulting in hunger, unemployment, loss of lives, etc.

Disaster management is defined as the organisation and use of resources as well as duties in order to respond to various emergency circumstances, whether they are man-made or natural disasters. It focuses on preparing people for a wide range of disasters and assisting them in responding more effectively, as well as ensuring recovery and reducing the total damage. Each year the world faces a number of disasters which brings in many kinds of crises and loss of human lives. Some of the major disasters in India are the 1999 super cyclone in Odisha, the 2001 Bhuj Earthquake and the 2004 Tsunami. Whenever the country goes through such disasters, the government takes necessary actions. Disaster management forums structure and plan different methods to reduce the impact of these disasters and various ways to tackle such emergencies so that lives can be saved.

The world is beset with calamities, some of which are catastrophic. The sad fact is that most of them are preventable. Natural calamities, for example, are unpredictable events that cause enormous damage to people and property. Natural and man-made disasters are both possible. It is essential to remediate the damage caused by these disasters. Disaster management helps in controlling and reducing the damages caused by such disasters. The technique aims to prevent disasters and mitigate the consequences of those that cannot be avoided. Some of the major disasters that have affected India are the 1999 super cyclone in Odisha, the 2001 Bhuj Earthquake, the 2004 Tsunami, etc. With time, the government has improved its disaster management methods and has saved the country from huge losses. The process of disaster management can be divided into two phases: pre-disaster planning and post-disaster recovery. This includes measures such as prevention, reduction, and planning designed to minimise the loss of lives and property as a result of a possible hazard. The second group of activities is post-disaster recovery, which comprises rescue, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Search and rescue operations, supply of basic necessities, and prompt medical help from various authorities (like regional, national and international) are all part of the response phase. The immediate goal of the recovery phase is to return the affected areas to normalcy. It is impossible to prevent all disasters, but we can always limit the severity and empower ourselves with knowledge about management so that we can save many lives.

Disaster management is important for people and the government to prevent the nation from the hazardous consequences of the disaster, which can be either man-made or natural. In order to reduce the effects of disasters and save numerous lives, it is essential to be aware of disaster management.

Disaster management in India refers to conservation of lives and property during a natural or man-made disaster. Disaster management plans are multi-layered and are planned to address issues such as floods, hurricanes, fires, mass failure of utilities and the rapid spread of disease. India is especially vulnerable to natural disasters because of its unique geo-climatic conditions, having recurrent floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides.Due to the vastness of the country different regions are vulnerable to different natural disasters. For example, during rainy season the peninsular regions of South India is mostly affected by cyclones and states of West India experience severe drought during summer.

The new approach started from the conviction that development cannot be sustained unless mitigation is built into the development process. Another cornerstone of the approach is that mitigation must be multi-disciplinary, spanning across all sectors of development.The new policy also emanates from the belief that investments in mitigation are much more cost effective than expenditure on relief and rehabilitation. Disaster management occupies an important place in India's policy framework, as poor people are most affected by disaster and they are India's predominant population.

The Disaster Management Act was passed by the Lok Sabha on 28 November 2005, and by the Rajya Sabha on 12 December 2005. It received the assent of the President of India on 9 January 2006.The Act calls for the establishment of a National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), with the Prime Minister of India as chairperson. The NDMA has no more than nine members at a time, including a Vice-Chairperson. The tenure of the members of the NDMA is 5 years. The NDMA which was initially established on 30 May 2005 by an executive order, was constituted under Section-3(1) of the Disaster Management Act, on 27 September 2005. The NDMA is responsible for "laying down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management" and to ensure very timely and effective response to disaster". Under section 6 of the Act it is responsible for laying "down guidelines to be followed by the State Authorities in drawing up the country Plans".

On 1 June 2016, Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India, launched the Disaster Management Plan of India, which seeks to provide a frame work and direction to government agencies for prevention, mitigation and management of disasters. This is the first plan nationally since the enactment of the Disaster Management Act of 2005.[1]

National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is an agency of the Ministry of Home Affairs whose primary purpose is to coordinate response to natural or man-made disasters and for capacity-building in disaster resiliency and crisis response.[2] NDMA was established through the Disaster Management Act enacted by the Government of India in December 2005.[3] The Prime Minister is the ex-officio chairperson of NDMA. The agency is responsible for framing policies, laying down guidelines and best-practices and coordinating with the State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs) management.[4]

(a) A sudden happening that causes enormous damage to life, property and social aspects of a nation or society is called a disaster.(b) Disasters are of two types:Man-made disasters: These disasters are the result of technological or human hazards. Examples of man-made disasters are road accidents, forest fires, collapsing of building due to usage of poor quality materials, etc.Natural disasters: There are due to imbalance occurring in nature various environmental factors. Examples of natural disasters are earthquakes, volcanic eruption, etc.(c) Disaster management is the strategy and course of action to be executed at the time of any disaster to save as much life as possible. (d) Main components of disaster management are:Preparation: A plan is created to minimise the damage if a disaster occurs.Redemption: It is the plan to minimise the damage to the society and country.Preparedness: A plan is chalked out to get quick response from public and administration.Impact of disaster: Intensity of disaster and disaster management are reviewed.Response: This stage deals with providing immediate response after an incident has occurred.Resurgence: It is an important link between emergency measures and national progress. It includes the steps which are required for the welfare and rehabilitation of the nation. Restoration: It is an important link between measures after disaster and national development. It includes steps useful for progress ofnation and rehabilitation.

A public health approach to disaster risk management will aim to decrease thevulnerability by adopting prevention and mitigation measures to reduce thephysical impact and to increase the coping capacity and preparedness of thehealth sector and community, in addition to providing traditional emergency care(response) once the disaster has occurred.

Typical interventions in the aftermath of disasters include strengthening themonitoring and surveillance of water quality, vector control, excretadisposal, solid waste management, health education, and food safety.

If donations and supplies are managed transparently during the emergency, theflow of assistance to the intended beneficiaries will be improved.Unsolicited and often inappropriate medical donations compete with valuablerelief supplies for scarce logistical resources. Good governance iscritical, and effective logistics cannot be improvised following a disaster.A humanitarian supply management system developed by PAHO and WHOsuccessfully helped developing countries improve transparency andaccountability in managing humanitarian supplies and donations (de Ville de Goyet, Acosta, and others1996).

The most compelling case for the cost-effectiveness of mitigation can be madeduring the planning phase for new installations, when costs of additionalstructural safety are minimal. Although the social benefits of prevention andrisk management are more evident in the health sector than in others, furtherstudies are needed to provide decision makers with quantified parameters of theeconomic benefits brought about by investment in risk management and disasterreduction. 2ff7e9595c